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) i; t# t8 U) B- }7 g7 pIntegral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
7 T. ? d# P: Y3 LTable of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
3 Q2 u" }) u; e. a5 BIntroduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
, W3 z& a3 o; u6 lSECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
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1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
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1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
% S; j" t8 q/ I9 g* \. K1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
5 Z3 `# a c! o- V1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
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1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
9 C' S5 c1 X. ^( SSECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
4 ?6 z; W6 n; O! j' d& G2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
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2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
+ Z! [$ B6 \9 e7 Y% H9 D2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
& V+ g! [* e; A- j& U7 l; @2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
( C k# S( ^, x$ T2 `2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
2 e* a d6 k6 c" ^2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
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2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
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2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
$ S0 }6 N' j4 i; T7 ]' {; F2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
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2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
3 A0 r! U- l% d8 P3 W/ lSECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
' A; ~# v8 \+ r3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
( o& |5 G0 E! j3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
% }% p, }( E j3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
! o" J5 U9 ~. }6 X0 l0 f: f- L; N* y3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
8 X7 s) E% o- ]6 j) j, QSECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
' w5 ^- x& G: o! q0 F4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
) ? K2 @/ e% W% j4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
: L% n9 H6 w! D [' d4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
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4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
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4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
/ H; I/ b0 J b. j4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
% e) y* Q/ j* H% m. PVermont Agency of Transportation
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viii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
/ e6 M$ Y& B A* {# g& z9 I4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
% t, t" j; W) G0 f4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
/ D3 O% `4 V2 z4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
6 q/ g# H: z# e0 }4 p/ a; H$ h4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
2 K: g. j1 ^; X4 R. X, [' K4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
, t) k k8 O1 _" v5 }+ U4 R4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
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4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
4 L& q* |- ]0 G; ?6 H* P- p/ R. W4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
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4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
$ T1 S1 Q/ _: E9 p" m8 }4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
) W* ~8 f. s+ S4 \SECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
$ |; I, C& a* H5 V) I0 C/ v7 h5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
' c+ g3 y* D$ J1 ?( I/ o5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
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5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
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5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
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5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
2 T+ b0 [0 ?$ r0 w2 B5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
8 z; e) b( X P5 TSECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
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SECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
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7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
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SECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
) X; u# v$ N% u) Y+ \5 S# e. x8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
; w2 r- J8 b% u# jSECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
4 y8 p/ t" }8 f" K" P" ?9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
& X6 w6 }9 \/ f; b7 k* nSECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
/ B' r- f, i' \5 e10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
4 `4 i+ |9 `" x$ |$ a5 h" R2 Z10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
4 o2 [+ t5 D3 K( t10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
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10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
' R- g% E4 H) r4 h10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
|1 z; @ [3 O; {5 [10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
, w; _' U+ j) d" ]1 ]# F10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
+ l) @6 @, k; b2 s0 {/ j10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
# x* }$ a M, Z, C* X, j10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
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10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
+ a: q2 J2 z. [9 M6 f( K" I* R; h! w10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
9 i2 f+ P9 W, U$ ^; j Y, u7 }% E10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
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10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
& q9 g* R7 g/ j6 hVermont Agency of Transportation
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
4 d7 v; Y( G7 I10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
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10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
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10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
4 D3 ~! q% Z& W# Y$ j1 I10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
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10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
/ L& `- ^7 _/ J3 i' w$ x) T10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
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10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
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SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
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11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
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SECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
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12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
& G3 T# P* Q1 ^; N$ z! vSECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
0 H/ T4 X' T: j+ h1 T1 E13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
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SECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
+ q" h2 K# Z0 L& Y14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
" G ^; F# ^( ySECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
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SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
' ?5 S0 z$ T/ M. F" q16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
% q2 M" ?$ _( F5 h$ Q1 z5 h: {16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
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16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
& L6 C: d" a' l% {6 T16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
R( ^ J0 n: W6 E, a* n9 }16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
% J+ q$ a/ e1 t/ W6 Q- p& r) tAppendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
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Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
0 Y* f3 g; j' b) s) ?0 hNotes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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