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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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* \7 D6 t+ J z% l+ t$ m: |3 ATABLE OF CONTENTS
! u" a9 H: t- J- O% ITable of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
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Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
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SECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
4 \, H+ P) s, F6 z1 j1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
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1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
( X. G0 l0 q# l( E1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
$ Y c* P1 p( g) P# T. s0 w3 A1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
/ n( y0 C3 v! o: v/ \1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
' ~+ r, s; Z6 Z z/ @5 A: eSECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
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2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
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2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
3 z/ n% y* s3 y" H3 l2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
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2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
* G* d) f/ s r/ h2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
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2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
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2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
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2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
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2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
) C) b- n% z c5 }2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
- p" n, O6 Q- z% q0 |) XSECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
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3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
! i- S3 g( a6 x6 [4 Y% M& [2 |3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
/ h& \$ E. s8 K0 G2 X1 n3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
9 F% B, I, I" i' n3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
: N3 ?/ O( i: x* M" B3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
" R# a) u1 Q4 Q( L) vSECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
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4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
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4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
7 B9 v1 h! N- a% P4 ]& B4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
* z) { A' m1 ] g/ M4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
; L6 U; g* T! R: b7 `0 o1 w- _4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
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4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
8 s7 ]: n: t. ]2 B4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
1 A. e5 h$ |$ D. C j6 p. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
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viii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
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4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
% s- ?& r: z* b }+ n4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
, {( p: L: v0 f/ q) I+ n9 x) p+ }$ i4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
9 t/ n8 ^* x5 U4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
$ F; W2 W$ K( W1 X8 O, N& i4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
$ Y3 W2 g1 h% r4 M3 s' A1 W4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
% `! E- V5 g' P1 W) Y3 |5 S4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
+ o, W7 U; S8 h9 j/ d4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
- `9 q# ]2 z3 G" M, P. `8 E9 k* ?# t4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
0 F. {6 l' |& X" `- }4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
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4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
) Z+ ^* r% I% O7 ?) q4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
% U# e/ @& U6 ?: {" L4 I# o3 u4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
, T1 A4 }3 t2 H, o2 i5 O0 YSECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
5 V) W& V' n4 N8 Q! d5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
( G0 J; ^9 }0 x5 y& D# D. [5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
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5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
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5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
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5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
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5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
* x- r2 D- R: w3 `6 jSECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
) Q; K* z6 d: j3 w% e7 S$ \6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
; `- F- R0 K' y2 ]- ^. o/ KSECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
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7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
* \$ j0 W/ s# ?; LSECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
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8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
8 W& r) A, S0 W3 z$ }1 `- pSECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
1 T# C; r- C0 C: ]6 o9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
& X9 ]/ m/ i1 l+ x3 h; KSECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
8 ]9 M; W3 c. }/ B# [: ^& ^10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
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10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
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10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
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10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
: i# Y0 Q0 M! ]. \10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
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10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
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10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
" J, J% u* W' k6 D0 Y6 I% j+ m10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
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10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
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10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
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10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
6 j) p$ P% F$ y* d+ D0 qTABLE OF CONTENTS ix
, [% H; W" I9 w4 _10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
: P3 y$ r0 d* W7 ?& s10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
4 j& {( {/ f' [! m3 L* |10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
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10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
# B# q$ Q# c" l' w7 g2 W" s10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
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10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
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10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
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SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
! n7 l' l, F- W11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
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SECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
6 b0 R0 z4 w2 @% _9 `# A1 k$ ^+ w12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
" c0 i+ L6 G7 i2 T kSECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
% E7 o% o) J8 E6 b# C13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
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SECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
0 P; R5 l- T$ d14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
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SECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
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SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
$ z" p( U: z, r% O+ e5 h16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
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16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
( m' c9 M; g: A0 d0 W16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
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Appendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
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Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
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Notes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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