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) _/ Q/ q0 O Y3 O$ qIntegral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
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Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
) {" q6 K5 U0 kSECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
6 o; U( \4 u/ M% l1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
* @5 r4 R9 s5 @4 B& Q! e1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
1 R7 `+ F( U0 X1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
' d( |6 G2 G3 F, a1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
' ^6 G' J+ a/ E; h1 h/ n1 K1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
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SECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
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2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
- u/ M+ c; H( j+ t' v2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
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2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
2 H+ A4 B* V, J2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
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2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
$ ~+ a& i1 V4 p1 L- a2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
" {* k9 b, ]" U2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
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2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
" ~9 ~0 ^" m# g/ |. w: \2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
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2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
* B9 [5 p8 B; c2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
8 P8 ]4 _5 L6 v4 KSECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
% H- W- f0 Y+ I# o, V2 p' H3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
% Z" \4 P$ S8 N8 r. Z# }+ I, v3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
* F, m6 {9 M `; J$ c- y- A3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
9 ~7 H# U- v! f2 X8 f- d" f) F4 R* S# L3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
) P# }% x m7 \4 l1 c5 |# P3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
% b7 l9 `. A; ` P# G0 g6 f- o1 x3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
) i* g% k) X, L* N1 Q3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
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SECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
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4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
2 {) c& E8 [ ^6 M4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
. l) c5 ]- S( Y! t, d4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
$ p/ x8 k9 t! j- v4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
$ q' K }' }# O4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
. n( H6 n8 T& M3 |& l6 o- W; |4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
( w: B1 t5 t7 M2 @/ L4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
, y' L/ q, }, [+ H+ V, P4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
) Q! Q; |# k4 B. j4 x5 K2 u6 V4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
5 r. n1 k- N/ h. v `; I4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
+ C( W8 s. g; T, {+ K5 s/ y4 j hVermont Agency of Transportation
5 ^+ C# L% [( S2 A: bviii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
" c/ z/ |1 l7 {3 y# l9 u4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
$ W' Q7 ?- z/ R2 c8 W5 e, ^2 U" t1 I4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
9 f' Z; ~8 ~! t' B5 O( q3 n4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
6 K" N0 K- u5 {. l) z. k4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
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4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
$ M( b% E$ s9 t% w8 Y) j4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
! x/ u; K9 L1 ?8 M! k7 B4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
) Q9 }5 X, v; |4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
" ^& i. a( F$ x1 } S k' W4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
1 }3 K9 Y m# J# n* M! g6 B4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
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4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
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4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
5 |# M; V& e8 _. D; E4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
2 ]7 y3 I. j9 bSECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
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5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
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5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
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5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
, h1 ^" A' e! _; b: ]" [& r5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
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5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
8 t6 A9 n' I% _9 }9 P5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
7 A# E: I3 X$ `% W" a5 L) FSECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
7 C1 U+ N I, D' o$ |- k1 s6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
; x! y# Z' l2 o+ v3 dSECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
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7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
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SECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
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8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
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SECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
$ b4 T% l* B; a3 `! \) R9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
& H- b- [. F* {+ uSECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
( X! L7 A( o+ o: h2 v10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
- T. l! T: i0 i- `, @. q, |- C10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
) g7 R$ G7 ?& v! w# r3 A10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
6 s' O8 B9 P7 D# w/ n10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
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10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
( s( v2 X: w; g! @, r& c10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
) k5 W* A* i/ m3 E' g+ V10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
& b. _$ B! n2 A5 `; ^% u10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
# H4 T9 L4 R: d i" v10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
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10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
2 S* A$ t' ~9 @* S! K. c. p6 M10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
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10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
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10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
; ]8 n. J3 |) n" H& q10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
% N2 X- ^) m, L/ v. T6 a+ ?6 \' ATABLE OF CONTENTS ix
- A; O# U- U$ _10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
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10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
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10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
8 T( s5 G" \' D0 ]& y10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
( m, p4 j, \9 h' G10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
# B) a, ? V ~6 s5 A6 F/ w10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
, y- m7 q2 y4 Q5 m0 _9 }10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
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SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
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11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
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SECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
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12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
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SECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
4 s! b+ L8 G8 W. A& P13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
8 ^6 b; i% h* o( O6 c* y# ]8 T) _- LSECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
! ` C5 U% C9 t9 @3 `- @1 V" d- J" J14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
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SECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
5 L3 K% [! j" ^( n( d* D, v1 KSECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
8 f6 t: \9 S! n% O16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
" | \, U! D Q$ Y p16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
% S6 @% N5 i V2 {" L$ z16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
( D) a) e3 e+ S2 |16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
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Appendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
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Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
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Notes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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